Time averages of vertically integrated vorticity, normalized by fh m for the ridge solutions. The subpanel columns in (a) and (b) depict the following vertical sections: (left) at encounter region y/ a = 10 and (right) averaged across the straight section of the ridge.
(a) Stress divergence curl and (b) VS + VT, the sum of vortex stretching and tilting terms in Eq. (6), normalized by fV 0 a −1 and overlain by flow isopycnals for (top) h ^ = 1.6 and (bottom) h ^ = 6.4, indicated inside the leftmost panel. Time-averaged tendency terms in the 3D vertical vorticity equation, Eq. The dimensional h bbl are smaller for larger h ^. Note that u * here is taken to be the average friction velocity over the flat bottom, away from the ridge, for the respective h ^ cases. Values of the parameter h ^ are indicated inside each panel. The time-mean BBL height h bbl normalized by 3 u * / N f at two different locations-one in the encounter region ( y/ a = 10) and the other further downstream ( y/ a = 34). Normalized, time-averaged boundary stress. Vertical sections of normalized, time-mean vertical vorticity ζ/ f overlain by isopycnals at successive downstream locations: (top) h ^ = 1.6 and (bottom) h ^ = 6.4. Vertical sections of normalized, time-mean along-slope velocity υ/ V 0 overlain by isopycnals at successive downstream locations: (top) h ^ = 1.6 and (bottom) h ^ = 6.4. Note that the panel aspect ratio (height-to-width) is smaller than the true aspect ratio.
The geostrophically balanced background flow is from south to north.
The green lines are bathymetry contours at z = 0.14 h m, z = 0.37 h m, and z = 0.9 h m. Snapshots of vertically integrated vorticity, normalized by fh m for barotropically forced flow past an elongated ridge.
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